Anthropology in the Middle Ages was called the doctrine of man part of theology, i.e., how a person is perceived in its relation to religion. Anthropology is the science of man. It does all that is relevant to physiology, traditions and customs, languages, art and religion, history of civilization etc. Consequently, people is the starting point of anthropological knowledge.

Cultural anthropology is the study of human interaction and culture. The subject cultural anthropology principles of the creation of human culture as "second nature" as "world", "noosphere", in the words of the authors of the biosphere concept of culture and the way of the creation of human culture. The essence of man in the history of culture has been interpreted in divergent from Aristotle's «Zoon politicon»to the medieval «del Homo»and «Homo», then to the education of «Homo sapiens»and modern «Homo economicus»and «Homo ludens».

Since its introduction, the culture realizes its main function - it compensates for the lost human ability to genetically transmit behavioral programs to new, unknown nature's way of inheritance - the transmission of accumulated human experience from generation to generation and from community to the individual. The child attached to the culture efforts of parents and teachers from the first days of life. Absorbing the culture, part of the life of man attains all his spiritual content, certain values, certain religious beliefs (or atheist), certain aesthetic tastes, certain political beliefs.

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